Inglês · CESPE / CEBRASPE · 2024 | Questão sqc-ce175509

InglêsInterpretação de texto | Reading comprehension

Código: ce175509
Banca: CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão: ITAIPU BINACIONAL
Ano: 2024
Nível: Superior

Cargo: Profissional de Nível Universitário Júnior - Função: Jornalista

Text 18A3-I

The roar of a waterfall suggests the power of water. Rampaging floodwaters can uproot strong trees and twist railroad tracks. When the power of water is harnessed, however, it can do useful work for humans.

Since ancient times, people have put the energy in the flow of water to work. They first made water work for them with the waterwheel, a wheel with paddles around its rim. Flowing water rotated the waterwheel, which in turn ran machinery that was linked to it. Today, new kinds of waterwheels – turbines – spin generators that produce electricity. Electricity from waterturned generators is known as hydroelectricity.

By building a dam across a river, the natural upstream water level is elevated and a difference in head is created that can be used to drive turbines and generate electricity. A large upstream reservoir may balance seasonal water flow; rain or melted snow can be stored in the reservoir during the wet season to provide electricity during dry seasons.

Waterpower is distributed unevenly among the continents and nations of the world. Europe and North America have developed much of their waterpower. Asia, South America, and Africa have abundant waterpower potential, but while countries such as China and Brazil have become leading hydroelectric producers, much of the waterpower resource on those continents remains undeveloped.

Elizabeth Lachner. Hydroelectricity. Rosen Publishing Group, 2018 (adapted).

Based on the fragment “much of the waterpower resource on those continents remains undeveloped” (last sentence of text 18A3), it can be concluded that

AEurope and North America have more waterpower resources than South America and Asia.
BAsia, South America, and Africa have already developed their waterpower potential.
CChina and Brazil still have not developed their waterpower potential.
DEurope and North America have a larger number of hydroelectric stations than Asia, South America, and Africa.
EAsia, South America, and Africa have a lot of waterpower potential yet to exploit.

GabaritoE — Asia, South America, and Africa have a lot of waterpower potential yet to exploit.

Interpretação de texto (Inglês)

Gabarito: letra E. A frase "much of the waterpower resource on those continents remains undeveloped" indica que a Ásia, América do Sul e África possuem grande potencial hidrelétrico ainda não explorado, o que corresponde exatamente à alternativa E.

A banca testa a capacidade de inferir o significado de uma frase a partir do contexto. O texto afirma que esses continentes têm abundante potencial hídrico, mas que grande parte dele permanece subdesenvolvido.

Alternativa A — ❌ Incorreta

O texto não compara a quantidade de recursos hídricos entre os continentes, apenas afirma que Europa e América do Norte já desenvolveram grande parte do seu potencial, enquanto outros continentes ainda não. A conclusão sobre "mais recursos" não é suportada.

Alternativa B — ❌ Incorreta

Contradiz diretamente o fragmento, que diz que "much ... remains undeveloped", ou seja, ainda não foi desenvolvido.

Alternativa C — ❌ Incorreta

O texto afirma que China e Brasil se tornaram "leading hydroelectric producers", ou seja, já desenvolveram parte de seu potencial. A frase "much remains undeveloped" não nega esse desenvolvimento parcial.

Alternativa D — ❌ Incorreta

O texto não fornece dados sobre o número de usinas hidrelétricas, apenas sobre o nível de desenvolvimento do potencial hídrico.

Alternativa E — ✅ Correta

A frase "much of the waterpower resource on those continents remains undeveloped" significa exatamente que existe muito potencial hidrelétrico ainda por ser explorado na Ásia, América do Sul e África.

Gabarito: letra E.