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Questão de Inglês — Advérbios e conjunções | Adverbs and conjunctions — CESPE / CEBRASPE 2024

InglêsAdvérbios e conjunções | Adverbs and conjunctions
Código
ce190730
Banca
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão
TSE
Ano
2024
Nível
Médio
Cargo
Técnico Judiciário – Área: Apoio Especializado – Especialidade: Programação de Sistemas
“Certainly, here is a possible introduction for your topic...”, began a recent article in Surfaces and Interfaces, a scientific journal. Attentive readers might have wondered who exactly that bizarre opening line was addressing. They might also have wondered whether the article was written by a human or by a machine.It is a question ever more readers of scientific papers are asking. LLMs (Large Language Models) are now more than good enough to help write a scientific paper. They can breathe life into dense scientific prose and speed up the drafting process, especially for non-native English speakers. Such use also comes with risks: LLMs are particularly susceptible to reproducing biases, for example, and can churn out vast amounts of plausible nonsense.Internet:<economist.com>(adapted). According to the information stated in the preceding text and the vocabulary used in it, judge the following item. The word “biases” (last sentence of the text) is, in its context, an adverb.
  1. CCerto
  2. EErrado
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GabaritoE — Errado

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Adverbs and conjunctions: identifying word classes

❌ ERRADO. The word "biases" in the text is a noun (plural of "bias"), not an adverb. In the sentence "LLMs are particularly susceptible to reproducing biases," the word functions as the direct object of the gerund "reproducing," naming a thing (preconceived opinions), which is the classic role of a noun. The item is therefore incorrect.

To understand why, it helps to recall the basic word classes in English. A noun names a person, place, thing, or idea; an adverb modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb, often indicating manner, time, place, degree, or frequency. In the phrase "reproducing biases," the word "biases" is clearly the object of the verb "reproducing" — it is the thing being reproduced. It does not modify any verb, adjective, or adverb, so it cannot be an adverb.

A common trap in this type of question is confusing the plural form of a noun with an adverb because of the "-s" ending. However, the "-s" here simply marks the plural of "bias," not an adverbial suffix. Adverbs in English often end in "-ly" (e.g., "particularly," "ever," "especially"), but many do not (e.g., "well," "fast," "hard"). The key is to look at the function of the word in the sentence, not just its form.

Item — ❌ ERRADO

The statement claims that "biases" is an adverb. In the text, the sentence reads: "LLMs are particularly susceptible to reproducing biases, for example." Here, "biases" is the direct object of the gerund "reproducing" — it is the thing that is being reproduced. This is the syntactic role of a noun. An adverb would modify the verb "reproducing" (e.g., "reproducing carelessly"), but "biases" does not do that; it names the entity affected by the action. Therefore, the word is a plural noun, and the item is incorrect.

NÃO CAIA NESSA!

A banca explora a confusão entre a forma plural de um substantivo e um advérbio. O candidato pode ver o "-s" em "biases" e pensar em algo como "always" ou "sometimes," mas o "-s" aqui é apenas a marca de plural do substantivo "bias." A dica é sempre perguntar: essa palavra modifica um verbo, adjetivo ou outro advérbio? Se não, ela não é advérbio — é substantivo, adjetivo ou outra classe. 💪

Gabarito: letra E (ERRADO).

Link permanente: /questoes/ce190730