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Questão de Inglês — Aspectos linguísticos | Linguistic aspects — CESPE / CEBRASPE 2024

InglêsAspectos linguísticos | Linguistic aspects
Código
ce191901
Banca
CESPE / CEBRASPE
Órgão
ITAIPU BINACIONAL
Ano
2024
Nível
Superior
Text 3A4


      During the last century water infrastructure projects involving large dams played a major role in the socio-economic transformation of many countries. At the same time, in a significant number of cases the benefits were not shared equitably, and the negative impacts on the environmental and sociocultural structures were excessive. In some cases their economic performance was questionable. Diverging views have arisen on the merits and demerits of dams, the roles they play, and their alternatives in providing water and energy services. However, recognition that such roles are complementary rather than mutually exclusive has been growing as the dam debate has moved forward.

      It is envisaged that, as part of the global effort to improve water and energy supplies, more dams will be constructed, especially in developing countries, alongside other diverse alternatives. There will, consequently, be a need to enhance the benefits of dams and avoid many of their drawbacks by applying better decision-making processes within the overall framework of sustainability. There are complex issues around the planning and management of dams in the context of sustainable development which will need to be adequately considered and addressed to achieve sustainable outcomes.

      Dealing with the environmental and social challenges within the context of meeting water and energy needs is at the heart of the sustainability of projects involving dams. Dams are one of the options, structural or non-structural, available to meet specific water or energy needs. In many cases water and energy services are best provided through a mix of options. Each case is different. A decision to build a dam should emerge after a comprehensive assessment of the full range of available options, giving appropriate consideration to all aspects of sustainability.


 United Nations Environmental Programme. Dams and Development: Relevant Practices for Improved

Decision-making. Nairobi: The Secretariat of the Dams and Development Project, 2007. p. 10-1 (adapted).

Choose the correct option according to text 3A4.
  1. ADams should not be constructed in the 21stcentury.
  2. BThere is a consensus about the role, impacts and advantages of dams among decision-makers.
  3. CDams brought humans more problems than advantages in the 20th century.
  4. DSome major social aspects need to be considered in the decision-making process to construct a dam.
  5. EProjects to construct dams have to be replaced with projects dealing with alternative ways to get water and energy.
Revelar gabarito e comentário

GabaritoD — Some major social aspects need to be considered in the decision-making process to construct a dam.

Comentário gerado por IA. É um apoio ao estudo, ancorado em fontes, mas pode conter imprecisões — confira sempre na fonte oficial (lei, súmula, edital e gabarito da banca). Encontrou um erro? Use “Reportar”.

Interpretação de texto: Barragens e desenvolvimento sustentável

Gabarito: letra D. O texto afirma que a decisão de construir uma barragem deve emergir após uma avaliação abrangente de todas as opções disponíveis, considerando adequadamente todos os aspectos da sustentabilidade. A alternativa D reflete exatamente essa ideia: "Some major social aspects need to be considered in the decision-making process to construct a dam."

O texto reconhece que barragens tiveram impactos negativos e benefícios não equitativos, mas também afirma que mais barragens serão construídas, especialmente em países em desenvolvimento. Há visões divergentes sobre méritos e deméritos, e não há consenso. A opção por barragens deve vir de uma avaliação que considere alternativas.

Alternativa A — ❌ Incorreta

Afirma que barragens não deveriam ser construídas no século XXI. O texto, no entanto, diz o contrário: "It is envisaged that, as part of the global effort to improve water and energy supplies, more dams will be constructed, especially in developing countries." Portanto, a construção continuará.

Alternativa B — ❌ Incorreta

Afirma que há consenso sobre o papel, impactos e vantagens das barragens. O texto menciona: "Diverging views have arisen on the merits and demerits of dams, the roles they play, and their alternatives." Logo, não há consenso.

Alternativa C — ❌ Incorreta

Afirma que as barragens trouxeram mais problemas do que vantagens. O texto não faz essa comparação quantitativa; ele apenas aponta que os benefícios não foram compartilhados equitativamente e que os impactos negativos foram excessivos, mas também reconhece o papel positivo no desenvolvimento socioeconômico: "water infrastructure projects involving large dams played a major role in the socio-economic transformation of many countries."

Alternativa D — ✅ Correta ⟵ GABARITO

Correta, pois o texto enfatiza a necessidade de considerar aspectos sociais e ambientais no processo decisório. Trecho: "Dealing with the environmental and social challenges within the context of meeting water and energy needs is at the heart of the sustainability of projects involving dams." E também: "A decision to build a dam should emerge after a comprehensive assessment of the full range of available options, giving appropriate consideration to all aspects of sustainability."

Alternativa E — ❌ Incorreta

Afirma que projetos de barragens precisam ser substituídos por alternativas. O texto, porém, defende uma combinação: "water and energy services are best provided through a mix of options." Não há substituição, mas complementaridade.

Gabarito: letra D.

Link permanente: /questoes/ce191901